Fix Win64 exception propagation in NativeCallable methods (#33653)

A recent change has removed the UMThunkStub usage for native callable
methods. That has broken handling of exceptions propagated from the
managed native callable method into the native caller in case there were
explicit frames below the native frame, like during the GC stress 3.

This change fixes it by unwinding the explicit frames upto the native
frame during the 2nd pass of exception handling when exception unwinding
passes through the frame of a native callable method and isn't handled
there.

Author: janvorli

src/coreclr/src/vm/exceptionhandling.cpp

@@ -818,6 +818,8 @@ UINT_PTR ExceptionTracker::FinishSecondPass(
     return uResumePC;
 }
 
+void CleanUpForSecondPass(Thread* pThread, bool fIsSO, LPVOID MemoryStackFpForFrameChain, LPVOID MemoryStackFp);
+
 // On CoreARM, the MemoryStackFp is ULONG when passed by RtlDispatchException,
 // unlike its 64bit counterparts.
 EXTERN_C EXCEPTION_DISPOSITION
@@ -1262,6 +1264,22 @@ lExit: ;
 
     if ((ExceptionContinueSearch == returnDisposition))
     {
+        if (dwExceptionFlags & EXCEPTION_UNWINDING)
+        {
+            EECodeInfo codeInfo(pDispatcherContext->ControlPc);
+            if (codeInfo.IsValid())
+            {
+                GcInfoDecoder gcInfoDecoder(codeInfo.GetGCInfoToken(), DECODE_REVERSE_PINVOKE_VAR);
+                if (gcInfoDecoder.GetReversePInvokeFrameStackSlot() != NO_REVERSE_PINVOKE_FRAME)
+                {
+                    // Exception is being propagated from a native callable method into its native caller.
+                    // The explicit frame chain needs to be unwound at this boundary.
+                    bool fIsSO = pExceptionRecord->ExceptionCode == STATUS_STACK_OVERFLOW;
+                    CleanUpForSecondPass(pThread, fIsSO, (void*)MemoryStackFp, (void*)MemoryStackFp);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
         GCX_PREEMP_NO_DTOR();
     }
 
@@ -5824,7 +5842,7 @@ BOOL IsSafeToUnwindFrameChain(Thread* pThread, LPVOID MemoryStackFpForFrameChain
     // We're safe only if the managed method will be unwound also
     LPVOID managedSP = dac_cast<PTR_VOID>(GetRegdisplaySP(&rd));
 
-    if (managedSP < MemoryStackFpForFrameChain)
+    if (managedSP <= MemoryStackFpForFrameChain)
     {
         return TRUE;
     }