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Debian Notes

First login

sudo apt update :)

Install basic packages - these are my favorite: sudo apt install apt-file bind9-host colordiff dnsutils dstat git htop iotop less mlocate nginx ntp openssl python python3 python3-venv rsync screen strace sudo tree vim

Hostname

Debian Wiki: How to change hostname

Change files: /etc/hostname, /etc/hosts, /etc/mailname, /etc/resolv.conf

You can grep for occurrences of the old hostname in entire /etc directory:

grep -Ri <old hostname> /etc

DNS local cache

For faster DNS queries, install pdnsd: sudo aptitude install pdnsd

Configuration file is /etc/pdnsd.conf. For most setups I recommend to set:

  • set uptest = none - server(s) will not be checked whether they are live
  • set preset = on - it means that the default state of given server is on; if it was off and uptest was none, then the server state would never switch to on and every query would fail with debug message No server is marked up and allowed for this domain.

If there are any problems, you can set debug = on and watch /var/cache/pdnsd.debug.

If you want to have a "local domain", for example .ldev, so anything.ldev resolves to 127.0.0.1:

rr {
    name = ldev;
    owner = localhost;
    a = 127.0.0.1;
    soa = localhost, root.localhost, 42, 86400, 900, 86400, 86400;
}

rr {
    name = *.ldev;
    a = 127.0.0.1;
}

/tmp on tmpfs

echo 'tmpfs /tmp tmpfs noatime,nosuid,nodev,noexec,mode=1777 0 0' | sudo tee -a /etc/fstab

Alternative solution – I'm not sure whether it works on newest Debian versions:

$ cd /etc/systemd/system
$ sudo ln  -s /usr/share/systemd/tmp.mount .
$ sudo systemctl enable tmp.mount